TL;DR: Foul breath combined with vomiting in cats often indicates underlying issues like kidney disease or dental infection and typically requires a veterinary exam within 24 to 48 hours.
Why does my cat have foul breath and vomiting at the same time?
- The combination of halitosis and vomiting often suggests a systemic issue rather than a simple upset stomach.
- Dental disease or oral infections are common causes of bad breath.
- Metabolic issues, such as kidney disease, cause a buildup of toxins in the blood that results in a distinct, unpleasant odor.
- Internal toxins frequently lead to nausea, which results in vomiting.
When is foul breath and vomiting in cats considered an emergency?
- The urgency level for these symptoms is generally Medium, requiring a consultation within 24 to 48 hours if the cat is alert.
- Seek emergency care immediately if your cat is extremely lethargic or unable to keep water down.
- Immediate medical attention is necessary if you notice a yellowish tint (jaundice) to your cat’s skin or eyes.
How can taking photos of my cat help the vet during a triage appointment?
- Capture a clear photo of your cat’s vomit so the vet can assess its color, consistency, and any foreign material.
- If safe, take a photo of your cat’s gums and teeth to help the vet identify visible signs of inflammation or decay.
- These visual aids provide a faster and more accurate assessment during your veterinary visit.
Clinical Context (Merck Veterinary Manual)
In cats presenting with bad breath and vomiting, initial assessment should include a thorough oral examination to identify potential foreign bodies such as yarn or needles. Vomiting may stem from dietary indiscretion, parasitic infection, bacterial or viral gastroenteritis, or anxiety. If vomiting persists despite symptomatic treatment such as withholding food and offering small amounts of water, further investigation is warranted. Abdominal palpation should be performed to assess for foreign bodies or abdominal discomfort, and abdominal radiographs may be necessary to identify radiopaque objects or signs of intestinal obstruction. Chronic vomiting may indicate underlying thyroid, liver, or kidney dysfunction, necessitating further diagnostic testing such as a complete blood count, serum biochemical profile, and urinalysis.
Chapter: Gastroenterology
Source: The Merck Veterinary Manual, 11th Edition (Page 390)