TL;DR: Hard, horn-like growths on a cat's paw pads are typically benign keratin overgrowths called cutaneous horns, but you should consult a veterinarian if you notice limping, bleeding, or signs of infection.
What are the hard, horn-like growths on my cat's paw pads?
Finding a hard, crusty protrusion on your cat's paw pad can be startling. These are most commonly known as cutaneous horns. They are composed of an overgrowth of keratin—the same protein that makes up your cat's claws and hair. These growths often resemble a small, curved "extra claw" or a hard callous protruding from the fleshy part of the pad.
Is a cutaneous horn on my cat's paw pad a medical emergency?
- Monitor the area for changes, as these growths are typically benign, painless, and represent a low urgency level.
- Schedule a routine veterinary appointment if the growth is accompanied by bleeding, a foul odor, or swelling.
- Seek veterinary care if your cat starts limping or shows signs of discomfort.
- Discuss potential underlying conditions with your vet, such as Feline Leukemia Virus (FeLV), which can occasionally be associated with these growths.
How can taking a photo of my cat's paw help with veterinary triage?
- Provides a high-quality image that allows your veterinarian to assess the texture, size, and color of the growth remotely.
- Helps the vet determine if the growth is a simple keratin plug or something requiring immediate diagnostic testing like a biopsy or blood test.
- Saves time and helps prioritize your cat's care by determining the necessity of an in-person visit.
Clinical Context (Merck Veterinary Manual)
Crusting of the footpads in cats has been associated with pancreatic neoplasia. Additionally, excessive skin fragility syndrome has been seen in association with pancreatic or hepatic neoplasia, hepatic lipidosis, or adrenal dysfunction.
Chapter: Dermatology
Source: The Merck Veterinary Manual, 11th Edition (Page 526)