TL;DR: Knuckling in cats is a serious neurological emergency that requires immediate veterinary attention to prevent permanent paralysis. Capturing a video of your cat walking can significantly help your veterinarian quickly diagnose the underlying cause.
What does it mean when my cat is knuckling on its paws?
Knuckling occurs when a cat walks on the top of its paws rather than the pads. This behavior is medically referred to as a proprioceptive deficit. It means the brain is not receiving the correct signals about where the feet are positioned in space. When it affects the front paws, it typically indicates an issue within the cervical spine (neck), the brain, or the peripheral nerves of the forelimbs.
How urgent is it if my cat starts knuckling?
- Knuckling on the front paws is a high-priority medical emergency that requires immediate veterinary contact.
- Neurological deficits can progress rapidly, potentially leading to permanent paralysis or chronic pain.
- Common underlying causes include spinal cord compression, intervertebral disc disease (IVDD), blood clots (thromboembolism), or inflammatory diseases.
How can taking a photo or video help my vet triage my cat?
- Record a short video of your cat walking to provide an invaluable diagnostic tool for your veterinarian.
- Capture the behavior in a natural environment, as cats often hide symptoms due to stress during clinic visits.
- Help the vet determine the severity of the neurological deficit and pinpoint if the issue is in the spine or brain.
- Speed up the triage and treatment process to ensure the best possible outcome for your pet.
Clinical Context (Merck Veterinary Manual)
Distal radial paralysis can result in an inability to extend the carpus and digits, potentially leading to knuckling. Peroneal nerve damage, often from trauma or pressure, can also cause knuckling onto the dorsal surface of the pastern and fetlock; mild cases may present with intermittent knuckling during ambulation, while severe cases may involve dragging the dorsal surface of the hoof. Pain in the heels can also manifest as knuckling. Evaluate reflexes to differentiate peroneal nerve involvement from more proximal ischiatic nerve damage.
Chapter: Neurology
Source: The Merck Veterinary Manual, 11th Edition (Page 1089)