TL;DR: Intention tremors are mild head shakes that occur when a cat focuses on a target and are generally not an emergency unless accompanied by balance issues. Recording a video of the behavior at home is the most effective way to help your veterinarian reach an accurate diagnosis.
What are intention tremors in cats?
A mild head tremor that occurs specifically when a cat is focusing on a target, such as a food bowl or a toy, is often clinically referred to as an "intention tremor." This type of movement typically happens when the cat is trying to perform a precise, goal-oriented motor task. It is often linked to the cerebellum, the part of the brain responsible for coordinating voluntary muscle movements.
Is my cat’s head tremor a veterinary emergency?
- The urgency level for a mild, isolated head tremor while focusing is generally low.
- If your cat is behaving normally, has a good appetite, and is not showing signs of distress, it is usually not an immediate life-threatening emergency.
- Seek veterinary care sooner if the tremors are accompanied by a head tilt, loss of balance, or occur while the cat is at rest.
How can video documentation help my veterinarian?
- Your cat may not exhibit the tremor in the exam room due to the stress of the environment.
- Providing a clear video of the tremor occurring at home allows the vet to see the exact nature, rhythm, and trigger of the movement.
- Visual evidence is the most effective way to help your veterinarian differentiate between neurological issues, inner ear problems, or behavioral quirks.
Clinical Context (Merck Veterinary Manual)
Gross whole-body tremors involving the limbs, trunk, head, and eyes can occur in cats as early as 10-12 days of age, becoming very noticeable during eating and representing a severe form of intention tremor. These tremors lessen or disappear during rest or sleep but reappear upon arousal and increase with excitement; affected animals may also exhibit difficulty standing, ambulating, and limb weakness, potentially leading to deficient postural test reactions. While vision and other cranial nerve functions typically appear normal, a pendular or jerk nystagmus may occasionally be observed with voluntary eye movement; in severe cases, neurologic deficits may warrant euthanasia.
Chapter: Neurology, Behavioral, Respiratory, Gastroenterology, Ophthalmology, Otorhinolaryngology
Source: The Merck Veterinary Manual, 11th Edition (Page 1549)